Any one of these instruments can provide adequate debridement.

The scissors and scalpel are used to make radial incisions in tracheal stenoses. We prefer this method to the laser, because it is not associated with unpredictable effects on airway cartilage.

Use of the scissors is simpler than the scalpel. The incision (s) is followed by mechanical dilatation.

The forceps are not helpful in resecting large tumor fragments, but are useful instead as ancillary tools during mechanical debridement using the rigid bronchoscope.